NOAA's National Ocean Service (NOS) works to observe, understand, and manage our nation's coastal and marine resources. NOS measures and predicts coastal and ocean phenomena, protects large areas of the oceans, works to ensure safe navigation, and provides tools and information to protect and restore coastal and marine resources. The NOS Data Explorer serves as a portal to obtain NOS spatial data. Data Explorer offers interactive mapping tools that allow users to locate NOS products in any area in the United States and its territories through a metadata catalog. Search results provide users with metadata records and links to websites with additional information. Specific data sets are available to view and download. http://nosdataexplorer.noaa.gov/nosdataexplorer/ This metadata document describes the collection and processing of topographic elevation point data derived from Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (IfSAR) measurement for coastal Southern California. Collection consists of topographic elevations from the California counties of Santa Barbara, Ventura, Los Angeles, Orange, and San Diego, and the hydrologic units within those counties that drain to the Pacific Ocean along with offshore islands within the Channel Islands. The resulting data include (1) Digital Elevation Model (DEM), (2) Raw magnitude radar reflectance data, and (3) Height Variance data. The data is first surface return (vegetation is in the dataset) X-band IfSAR with three meter point spacing and approximately one meter vertical accuracy in non-vegetated areas. The data is available in three vertical datums, NAVD88, GRS80 and NGVD29. http://www.csc.noaa.gov/ldart 20071206 This metadata document describes the collection and processing of topographic elevation point data derived from Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (IfSAR) measurement for coastal Southern California. Collection consists of topographic elevations from the California counties of Santa Barbara, Ventura, Los Angeles, Orange, and San Diego, and the hydrologic units within those counties that drain to the Pacific Ocean along with offshore islands within the Channel Islands. The resulting data include (1) Digital Elevation Model (DEM), (2) Raw magnitude radar reflectance data, and (3) Height Variance data. The data is first surface return (vegetation is in the dataset) X-band IfSAR with three meter point spacing and approximately one meter vertical accuracy in non-vegetated areas. The data is available in three vertical datums, NAVD88, GRS80 and NGVD29. This metadata record describes the DEM data with a vertical datum of ellipsoid (GRS80). http://www.csc.noaa.gov/ldart 20071206 This metadata document describes the collection and processing of topographic elevation point data derived from Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (IfSAR) measurement for coastal Southern California. Collection consists of topographic elevations from the California counties of Santa Barbara, Ventura, Los Angeles, Orange, and San Diego, and the hydrologic units within those counties that drain to the Pacific Ocean along with offshore islands within the Channel Islands. The resulting data include (1) Digital Elevation Model (DEM), (2) Raw magnitude radar reflectance data, and (3) Height Variance data. The data is first surface return (vegetation is in the dataset) X-band IfSAR with three meter point spacing and approximately one meter vertical accuracy in non-vegetated areas. The data is available in three vertical datums, NAVD88, GRS80 and NGVD29. This metadata record describes the DEM data in North American Vertical Datum of 1988 (NAVD88). http://www.csc.noaa.gov/ldart 20071206 This metadata document describes the collection and processing of topographic elevation point data derived from Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (IfSAR) measurement for coastal Southern California. Collection consists of topographic elevations from the California counties of Santa Barbara, Ventura, Los Angeles, Orange, and San Diego, and the hydrologic units within those counties that drain to the Pacific Ocean along with offshore islands within the Channel Islands. The resulting data include (1) Digital Elevation Model (DEM), (2) Raw magnitude radar reflectance data, and (3) Height Variance data. The data is first surface return (vegetation is in the dataset) X-band IfSAR with three meter point spacing and approximately one meter vertical accuracy in non-vegetated areas. The data is available in three vertical datums, NAVD88, GRS80 and NGVD29. This metadata record describes the DEM data in National Geodetic Vertical Datum of 1929 (NGVD29). http://www.csc.noaa.gov/ldart 20071206 This metadata document describes the collection and processing of topographic elevation point data derived from Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (IfSAR) measurement for coastal Southern California. Collection consists of topographic elevations from the California counties of Santa Barbara, Ventura, Los Angeles, Orange, and San Diego, and the hydrologic units within those counties that drain to the Pacific Ocean along with offshore islands within the Channel Islands. The resulting data include (1) Digital Elevation Model (DEM), (2) Raw magnitude radar reflectance data, and (3) Height Variance data. This metadata record describes the height variance data. The height variance value represents the variance in the individual elevation values from multiple IfSAR flights that were used calculate the elevation for each cell in the DEM data set. http://www.csc.noaa.gov/ldart 20071206 This metadata document describes the collection and processing of topographic elevation point data derived from Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (IfSAR) measurement for coastal Southern California. Collection consists of topographic elevations from the California counties of Santa Barbara, Ventura, Los Angeles, Orange, and San Diego, and the hydrologic units within those counties that drain to the Pacific Ocean along with offshore islands within the Channel Islands. The resulting data include (1) Digital Elevation Model (DEM), (2) Raw magnitude radar reflectance data, and (3) Height Variance data. This metadata record describes the orthorectified radar reflectance image. http://www.csc.noaa.gov/ldart 20080225 This dataset contains a unified ESRI Grid with 10 meter cell size representing the bathymetry of selected portions of seafloor around Abrir La Sierra Bank, Bajo De Cico, and Isla De Mona, derived from data collected in 2007. NOAA's NOS/NCCOS/CCMA Biogeography Team, in collaboration with NOAA vessel Nancy Foster and territory, federal, and private sector partners, acquired multibeam bathymetry data in Puerto Rico from 4/14/07 to 4/24/07. Data was acquired with a Reson 8124 (200 kHz) multibeam echosounder (for shallow areas of Abrir La Sierra Bank only) and with a hull-mounted Kongsberg Simrad EM 1002 (95 kHz) multibeam echosounder (for all other areas). It was processed by a NOAA contractor using CARIS HIPS software. Data has all correctors applied (attitude, sound velocity) and has been reduced to mean lower low water (MLLW) using final approved tides and zoning from NOAA COOPS. Data is in UTM zone 19 north, datum NAD83. The processed CARIS data was used to generate a CARIS BASE surface based on swath angle. An ASCII XYZ file was exported from the BASE surface and opened in ESRI ArcMap 9.x using an XYZ to raster tool. The project was conducted to meet IHO Order 1 and 2 accuracy standards, dependant on the project area and depth. All users should individually evaluate the suitability of this data according to their own needs and standards. http://ccma.nos.noaa.gov/products/biogeography/usvi_nps/overview.html 20071029 These Bathymetric Digital Elevation Models (DEM) were generated from original point soundings collected during hydrographic surveys conducted by the National Ocean Service and its predecessors. Mean High Water shoreline as defined by NOAA nautical charts was used as a constraining boundary and assigned its local elevation relative to the local datum (typically Mean Low Water). DEM grid values outside the shoreline (on land) were assigned null values (-32676). In the event of multiple surveys in a region, the most recent survey soundings were retained. Both 7.5 minute and 1 degree DEMs are available. The 1 degree DEMs were generated from the higher resolution 7.5 minute DEMs which covered the estuary. A Digital Elevation Model (DEM) contains a series of elevations ordered from south to north with the order of the columns from west to east. The DEM is formatted as one ASCII header record (A- record), followed by a series of profile records (B- records) each of which include a short B-record header followed by a series of ASCII integer elevations (typically in units of 1 centimeter {0.01 meter]) per each profile. The last physical record of the DEM is an accuracy record (C-record). The 7.5-minute DEM (30- by 30-m data spacing) is cast on the Universal Transverse Mercator (UTM) projection. It provides coverage in 7.5- by 7.5-minute blocks. Each product provides the same coverage as a standard USGS 7.5-minute quadrangle but the DEM contains over edge data. Coverage is available for many estuaries of the contiguous United States but is not complete. http://estuarinebathymetry.noaa.gov 20060731 These Bathymetric Digital Elevation Models (DEM) were generated from original point soundings collected during hydrographic surveys conducted by the National Ocean Service and its predecessors. Mean High Water shoreline as defined by NOAA nautical charts was used as a constraining boundary and assigned its local elevation relative to the local datum (typically Mean Low Water). DEM grid values outside the shoreline (on land) were assigned null values (-32676). In the event of multiple surveys in a region, the most recent survey soundings were retained. Both 7.5 minute and 1 degree DEMs are available. The 1 degree DEMs were generated from the higher resolution 7.5 minute DEMs which covered the estuary. A Digital Elevation Model (DEM) contains a series of elevations ordered from south to north with the order of the columns from west to east. The DEM is formatted as one ASCII header record (A- record), followed by a series of profile records (B- records) each of which include a short B-record header followed by a series of ASCII integer elevations (typically in units of 1 centimeter {0.01 meter]) per each profile. The last physical record of the DEM is an accuracy record (C-record). The 1 degree (60-minute) DEMs (3 arc second x 3 arc second data spacing) is cast on the geographic coordinate system (no projection). It provides coverage in 1 degree square blocks. Each product contains over edge data. Coverage is available for the many estuaries of the conterminous United States, but is not complete. http://estuarinebathymetry.noaa.gov 20060731 This dataset contains a unified ESRI Grid with 10 meter cell size representing the bathymetry of selected portions of seafloor around La Parguera, Abrir La Sierra Bank, Bajo De Cico, and Isla De Mona in Puerto Rico and St. Croix, St. Thomas, and St. John in the US Virgin Islands, derived from data collected in 2004, 2005 2006, and 2007. NOAA's NOS/NCCOS/CCMA Biogeography Team, in collaboration with NOAA vessel Nancy Foster and territory, federal, and private sector partners, acquired multibeam bathymetry data in the US Virgin Islands from 2/18/04 to 3/5/04 and 2/1/05 to 2/12/05, including La Parguera, P.R. from 3/21/06 to 4/2/06. Data was acquired with a pole-mounted Reson 8101 ER multibeam echosounder (240 kHz) in 2004 and 2005, and with a hull-mounted Kongsberg Simrad EM 1002 multibeam echosounder (95 kHz) in 2006. In Abrir La Sierra, Bajo de Cico, and Isla de Mona, P.R., the team, also in collaboration with NOAA vessel Nancy Foster and territory, federal, and private sector partners, acquired data from 4/14/07 to 4/24/07. Data with acquired with a hull-mounted Kongsberg Simrad EM 1002 (95 kHz) multibeam echosounder, as well as with a Reson 8124 (200 kHz) multibeam echosounder for shallow areas of Abrir La Sierra Bank. Data was processed by a NOAA contractor using CARIS HIPS software. Data has all correctors applied (attitude, sound velocity) and has been reduced to mean lower low water (MLLW) using final approved tides and zoning from NOAA COOPS. Data is in UTM zone 19 north, datum NAD83. The processed CARIS data was used to generate a CARIS BASE surface based on swath angle. For USVI and La Parguera, P.R. (2004-2006), an ASCII XYZ file was exported from the BASE surface and opened in ESRI ArcMap 9.x as an XY event. Then the ArcToolbox conversion tool 'Feature to Raster' was used to generate the final ESRI Grid. For Abrir La Sierra Bank, Bajo de Cico, and Isla de Mona (2007), an ASCII XYZ file was exported from the BASE surface and opened in ESRI ArcMap 9.x using the XYZ to raster tool. The project was conducted to meet IHO Order 1 and 2 accuracy standards, dependant on the project area and depth. All users should individually evaluate the suitability of this data according to their own needs and standards. http://ccma.nos.noaa.gov/products/biogeography/usvi_nps/overview.html 20071029 Digital elevation model (DEM) data are arrays of regularly spaced elevation values referenced horizontally either to a Universal Transverse Mercator (UTM) projection or to a geographic coordinate system. The grid cells are spaced at regular intervals along south to north profiles that are ordered from west to east. The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) produces five primary types of elevation data: 7.5-minute DEM, 30-minute DEM, 1-degree DEM. These datasets were derived from USGS 7.5' DEM Quads for the main 8 Hawaiian Islands. Individual DEM quads were converted to a common datum, and vertical unit, and subsequently mosaicked in ArcGIS 9.x. The DEM for Hawaii (Big Island) has a coordinate system of NAD83 UTM5N. The DEM for the remaining 7 islands (Maui, Kahoolawe, Lanai, Molokai, Oahu, Kauai and Niihau) have a coordinate system of NAD83 UTM4N. All rasters have a spatial resolution of 10 meters and are in the ESRI grid format. On this metadata sheet, the bounding coordinates and row and column counts are for a hypothetical 10m grid that would contain the 8 main Hawaiian Islands. For bounding coordinates and the number of rows and columns for each actual, individual DEM, users should consult their respective layer properties. http://ccma.nos.noaa.gov/products/biogeography/hawaii_cd_07/welcome.html 20080210 These hillshade datasets were derived from USGS 7.5' DEM Quads for the main 8 Hawaiian Islands. Individual DEM quads were first converted to a common datum, and vertical unit, and subsequently mosaicked in ArcGIS 9.x. The hillshade were created from these DEMs using the Hillshade function in ArcGIS 9.2's Spatial Analyst Extension. For all the hillshades, the altitude was set at 45, the Z factor at 1 and the output cell size at 10. The azimuth was set to 45 for the Hawaii (Big Island), Maui and Kauai hillshades. The azimuth was set to 315 for the remaining island hillshades. All rasters are 16 bit signed integers with a spatial resolution of 10 meters. They are in the ERDAS Imagine (.img) format and are referenced to the NAD83 UTM coordinate system. The hillshade for Hawaii (Big Island) is in UTM zone 5N, and the hillshades for the remaining 7 islands are in UTM zone 4N. On this metadata sheet, the bounding coordinates and row and column counts are for a hypothetical 10m grid that would contain the 8 main Hawaiian Islands. For bounding coordinates and the number of rows and columns for each actual, individual hillshade, users should consult their respective layer properties. http://ccma.nos.noaa.gov/products/biogeography/hawaii_cd_07/welcome.html 20080210 This dataset contains an ESRI Grid with 10 meter cell size representing the bathymetry of selected portions of seafloor around Abrir La Sierra Bank in Puerto Rico, derived from data collected in 2007. NOAA's NOS/NCCOS/CCMA Biogeography Team, in collaboration with NOAA vessel Nancy Foster and territory, federal, and private sector partners, acquired multibeam bathymetry data in Puerto Rico from 4/14/07 to 4/24/07. Data was acquired with a Reson 8124 (200 kHz) multibeam echosounder and with a hull-mounted Kongsberg Simrad EM 1002 (95 kHz) multibeam echosounder. It was processed by a NOAA contractor using CARIS HIPS software. Data has all correctors applied (attitude, sound velocity) and has been reduced to mean lower low water (MLLW) using final approved tides and zoning from NOAA COOPS. Data is in UTM zone 19 north, datum NAD83. The processed CARIS data was used to generate a CARIS BASE surface based on swath angle. An ASCII XYZ file was exported from the BASE surface and opened in ESRI ArcMap 9.x using an XYZ to raster tool. The project was conducted to meet IHO Order 1 and 2 accuracy standards, dependant on the project area and depth. All users should individually evaluate the suitability of this data according to their own needs and standards. http://ccma.nos.noaa.gov/products/biogeography/usvi_nps/overview.html 20071029 This dataset contains an ESRI Grid with 3 meter cell size representing the bathymetry of selected portions of seafloor around Abrir La Sierra Bank in Puerto Rico, derived from data collected in 2007. NOAA's NOS/NCCOS/CCMA Biogeography Team, in collaboration with NOAA vessel Nancy Foster and territory, federal, and private sector partners, acquired multibeam bathymetry data in Puerto Rico from 4/14/07 to 4/24/07. Data was acquired with a Reson 8124 (200 kHz) multibeam echosounder and with a hull-mounted Kongsberg Simrad EM 1002 (95 kHz) multibeam echosounder. It was processed by a NOAA contractor using CARIS HIPS software. Data has all correctors applied (attitude, sound velocity) and has been reduced to mean lower low water (MLLW) using final approved tides and zoning from NOAA COOPS. Data is in UTM zone 19 north, datum NAD83. The processed CARIS data was used to generate a CARIS BASE surface based on swath angle. An ASCII XYZ file was exported from the BASE surface and opened in ESRI ArcMap 9.x using an XYZ to raster tool. The project was conducted to meet IHO Order 1 and 2 accuracy standards, dependant on the project area and depth. All users should individually evaluate the suitability of this data according to their own needs and standards. http://ccma.nos.noaa.gov/products/biogeography/usvi_nps/overview.html 20071029 This dataset contains an ESRI Grid representing the rugosity of a 3 m bathymetric grid for Abrir La Sierra Bank in Puerto Rico, derived from data collected in 2007. Rugosity is defined as the ratio of surface area to planar area and is used as a measure of benthic terrain complexity or "roughness". Rugosity values near 1 represent flat, smooth terrain, while higher values reflect increasing rugosity or terrain roughness. For rugosity grid interpretation, it is recommended that the grid be reclassified according to standard deviation divisions. NOAA's NOS/NCCOS/CCMA Biogeography Team, in collaboration with NOAA vessel Nancy Foster and territory, federal, and private sector partners, acquired multibeam bathymetry data in Puerto Rico from 4/14/07 to 4/24/07. Data was acquired with a Reson 8124 (200 kHz) multibeam echosounder and with a hull-mounted Kongsberg Simrad EM 1002 (95 kHz) multibeam echosounder. It was processed by a NOAA contractor using CARIS HIPS software. Data has all correctors applied (attitude, sound velocity) and has been reduced to mean lower low water (MLLW) using final approved tides and zoning from NOAA COOPS. Data is in UTM zone 19 north, datum NAD83. The processed CARIS data was used to generate a CARIS BASE surface based on swath angle. An ASCII XYZ file was exported from the BASE surface and opened in ESRI ArcMap 9.x using the XYZ to raster tool. The Benthic Terrain Modeller (BTM) tool, a collection of ArcGIS terrain visualization tools developed by the Oregon State University (OSU) Department of Geosciences and the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) Coastal Services Center, was used to calculate the rugosity of that bathymetric grid. More information on the specific algorithms used can be found in the BTM's documentation. The project was conducted to meet IHO Order 1 and 2 accuracy standards, dependant on the project area and depth. All users should individually evaluate the suitability of this data according to their own needs and standards. http://ccma.nos.noaa.gov/products/biogeography/usvi_nps/overview.html 20071029 This dataset contains an ESRI Grid with 3 meter cell size representing the bathymetry of selected portions of seafloor around Abrir La Sierra Bank in Puerto Rico, derived from data collected in 2007. NOAA's NOS/NCCOS/CCMA Biogeography Team, in collaboration with NOAA vessel Nancy Foster and territory, federal, and private sector partners, acquired multibeam bathymetry data in Puerto Rico from 4/14/07 to 4/24/07. Data was acquired with a Reson 8124 (200 kHz) multibeam echosounder and with a hull-mounted Kongsberg Simrad EM 1002 (95 kHz) multibeam echosounder. It was processed by a NOAA contractor using CARIS HIPS software. Data has all correctors applied (attitude, sound velocity) and has been reduced to mean lower low water (MLLW) using final approved tides and zoning from NOAA COOPS. Data is in UTM zone 19 north, datum NAD83. The processed CARIS data was used to generate a CARIS BASE surface based on swath angle. An ASCII XYZ file was exported from the BASE surface and opened in ESRI ArcMap 9.x using an XYZ to raster tool. The project was conducted to meet IHO Order 1 and 2 accuracy standards, dependant on the project area and depth. All users should individually evaluate the suitability of this data according to their own needs and standards. http://ccma.nos.noaa.gov/products/biogeography/usvi_nps/overview.html 20071029 This dataset contains an ESRI Grid with 5 meter cell size representing the bathymetry of selected portions of seafloor around Abrir La Sierra Bank in Puerto Rico, derived from data collected in 2007. NOAA's NOS/NCCOS/CCMA Biogeography Team, in collaboration with NOAA vessel Nancy Foster and territory, federal, and private sector partners, acquired multibeam bathymetry data in Puerto Rico from 4/14/07 to 4/24/07. Data was acquired with a Reson 8124 (200 kHz) multibeam echosounder and with a hull-mounted Kongsberg Simrad EM 1002 (95 kHz) multibeam echosounder. It was processed by a NOAA contractor using CARIS HIPS software. Data has all correctors applied (attitude, sound velocity) and has been reduced to mean lower low water (MLLW) using final approved tides and zoning from NOAA COOPS. Data is in UTM zone 19 north, datum NAD83. The processed CARIS data was used to generate a CARIS BASE surface based on swath angle. An ASCII XYZ file was exported from the BASE surface and opened in ESRI ArcMap 9.x using an XYZ to raster tool. The project was conducted to meet IHO Order 1 and 2 accuracy standards, dependant on the project area and depth. All users should individually evaluate the suitability of this data according to their own needs and standards. http://ccma.nos.noaa.gov/products/biogeography/usvi_nps/overview.html 20071029 This dataset contains an ESRI Grid representing the rugosity of a 5 m bathymetric grid for Abrir La Sierra Bank in Puerto Rico, derived from data collected in 2007. Rugosity is defined as the ratio of surface area to planar area and is used as a measure of benthic terrain complexity or "roughness". Rugosity values near 1 represent flat, smooth terrain, while higher values reflect increasing rugosity or terrain roughness. For rugosity grid interpretation, it is recommended that the grid be reclassified according to standard deviation divisions. NOAA's NOS/NCCOS/CCMA Biogeography Team, in collaboration with NOAA vessel Nancy Foster and territory, federal, and private sector partners, acquired multibeam bathymetry data in Puerto Rico from 4/14/07 to 4/24/07. Data was acquired with a Reson 8124 (200 kHz) multibeam echosounder and with a hull-mounted Kongsberg Simrad EM 1002 (95 kHz) multibeam echosounder. It was processed by a NOAA contractor using CARIS HIPS software. Data has all correctors applied (attitude, sound velocity) and has been reduced to mean lower low water (MLLW) using final approved tides and zoning from NOAA COOPS. Data is in UTM zone 19 north, datum NAD83. The processed CARIS data was used to generate a CARIS BASE surface based on swath angle. An ASCII XYZ file was exported from the BASE surface and opened in ESRI ArcMap 9.x using the XYZ to raster tool. The Benthic Terrain Modeller (BTM) tool, a collection of ArcGIS terrain visualization tools developed by the Oregon State University (OSU) Department of Geosciences and the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) Coastal Services Center, was used to calculate the rugosity of that bathymetric grid. More information on the specific algorithms used can be found in the BTM's documentation. The project was conducted to meet IHO Order 1 and 2 accuracy standards, dependant on the project area and depth. All users should individually evaluate the suitability of this data according to their own needs and standards. http://ccma.nos.noaa.gov/products/biogeography/usvi_nps/overview.html 20071029 The National Geodetic Survey (NGS), formerly part of the U.S. Coast and Geodetic Survey, has been performing Aeronautical surveys since the 1920's. NGS, in accordance with a series of interagency agreements with the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA), provides airport geodetic control, runway, navigational aid, obstruction and other aeronautical data that is critical to the operation of the National Airspace System (NAS). The FAA uses the data to develop instrument approach and departure procedures, determine maximum takeoff weights, update aeronautical publications, and airport planning and engineering studies. Most of this data is source information obtained using field and photogrammetric survey methods. NGS acquires aerial photography of most commercial and many general aviation airports in the United States to support several types of aeronautical surveys, including Airport Obstruction Chart (AOC), Operational Evolution Plan (OEP), and Congressional (CGR) and, until recently, Area Navigation Approach (ANA). The high resolution photographs are used to perform a photogrammetric analysis of the Obstruction Identification Surface (OIS), determine areas obstructing the OIS, delineate aircraft movement areas and associated airport features, and are useful when performing ground surveys. Over 1,000 airports have been flown and photographs for these locations are currently available through the NGS photo library. http://www.ngs.noaa.gov/AERO/ASPphoto/aspphoto.html 20040720 The data sets are generated using the OPTECH ALTM 70 kHz LIDAR system mounted onboard AeroMap's twin-engine Cessna 320 aircraft. Classified data sets such as this one may have varying posting due to some LIDAR pulses not reaching the ground caused by data anomalies. Accuracy statements are based on areas of moderate terrain. Diminished accuracies are to be expected in areas of extreme terrain and dense vegetation. The accuracy of each point is expected to meet the vertical accuracy standard, however, derived products may be less accurate in extreme terrain and dense vegetation due to a lesser number of points defining the bare-earth in these areas. The data were QA/QC'ed but some data holidays still exist. http://www.csc.noaa.gov/ldart 20060509 NOAA's Office of Coast Survey (OCS) is responsible for generating the Three Nautical Mile Line, Territorial Sea, Contiguous Zone, and Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ). Traditionally, these maritime limits have been generated by hand from the low water line depicted on paper, U.S. nautical charts. Upon final approval by the U.S. Baseline Committee, these official maritime limits are applied to the next edition of nautical charts produced by the Marine Chart Division of OCS. Due to new cartographic production processes and the availability of digital products such as Electronic Navigational Charts (ENCs), OCS has developed improved techniques for generating more accurate, digital maritime limits. Through the use of Geographic Information Systems (GIS) software such as CARIS' LOTS and ESRI's ArcGIS, the latest vector representations of these limits will be available to NOAA cartographers and the public. To create digital limits, the charted low water line is captured digitally and used as input to CARIS' LOTS: Limits and Boundaries software for the designation of a baseline. Other parts of the EEZ include maritime boundary agreements and/or unilateral claims as noted in Federal Register Notice, Volume 60 No. 163, Wednesday August 23, 1995. Once the limits are created, they are exported to a shapefile using CARIS' Import SHP utility. Digital limits of the Exclusive Economic Zone for Alaska are contained within a zipped file. http://nauticalcharts.noaa.gov/csdl/eez.htm 20070911 This data set contains vector lines and polygons representing the shoreline and coastal habitats of the Aleutian Islands classified according to the Environmental Sensitivity Index (ESI) classification system. This data set comprises a portion of the ESI data for Aleutians East Borough and Aleutians West Coastal Resource Service Area (CRSA). These data identify the marine and coastal environments and wildlife. The ESI data include information for three main components: shoreline habitats, sensitive biological resources, and human-use resources. http://response.restoration.noaa.gov/esi 200205 This Historical North Atlantic and East-Central North Pacific Tropical Cyclone Tracks file contains the 6-hourly (0000, 0600, 1200, 1800 UTC) center locations and intensities for all subtropical depressions and storms, extratropical storms, tropical lows, waves, disturbances, depressions and storms, and all hurricanes, from 1851 through 2006. http://www.csc.noaa.gov/hurricane_tracks 20070308 These data were automated to provide a suitable geographic information system (GIS) data layer depicting the historical shoreline for Alabama. These data are derived from shoreline maps that were produced by the NOAA National Ocean Service including its predecessor agencies. http://www.csc.noaa.gov/shoreline/data.html 20071010 This project is a cooperative effort between the National Ocean Service, National Centers for Coastal Ocean Science, Center for Coastal Monitoring and Assessment, the University of Hawaii, and Analytical Laboratories of Hawaii, LLC. IKONOS imagery was purchased to support the Pacific Islands Geographic Information System (GIS) project and the National Ocean Service's (NOS) coral mapping activities. One-meter panchromatic and four-meter multi-spectral data were purchased for each study area. The enhanced spectral resolution of multispectral imagery and control of bandwidths of multispectral data yield an advantage over color aerial photography particularly when coral health and time series analysis of coral reef community structure are of interest. The IKONOS imagery was processed to minimize atmospheric and water column effects. Photointerpreters can accurately and reliably delineate boundaries of features in the imagery as they appear on the computer monitor using a software interface such as the Habitat Digitizer. http://ccma.nos.noaa.gov/products/biogeography/us_pac_terr/index.htm 20050826 This data set contains vector lines and polygons representing the shoreline and coastal habitats of American Samoa classified according to the Environmental Sensitivity Index (ESI) classification system. This data set comprises a portion of the ESI for American Samoa. ESI data characterize the marine and coastal environments and wildlife by their sensitivity to spilled oil. The ESI data include information for three main components: shoreline habitats, sensitive biological resources, and human-use resources. http://response.restoration.noaa.gov/esi 200402 The Apalachicola Bay National Estuarine Research Reserve and the NOAA Coastal Services Center worked together to map benthic habitats within Apalachicola Bay, Florida. The bay and the lower portions of four distributaries were surveyed on 11-22 October 1999 using three benthic sampling techniques. This data set represents the benthic community information gathered from grab sampling. Grabs were collected at 136 stations throughout the bay. http://www.csc.noaa.gov/benthic/data/gulf/apa.htm 20040616 The Apalachicola Bay National Estuarine Research Reserve and the NOAA Coastal Services Center worked together to map benthic habitats within Apalachicola Bay, Florida. The bay and the lower portions of four distributaries were surveyed on 11-22 October 1999 using three benthic sampling techniques. This data set represents the information gathered from a RoxAnn acoustic sensor. The instrument was used to characterize bottom type by extracting data on bottom roughness and bottom hardness from the primary and secondary sounder echoes. The data is classified on-the-fly, using the Sediment Profile Images and grab samples collected for field validation, and subject to a post-processing classification. The RoxAnn data points were exported into a geographic information system (GIS) and post-processed to remove unreliable data points and re-classified. This data set is comprised of the cleaned, attributed point data. The attributes include location, date, time, depth, field derived classification, and the classification derived from post-processing the data. http://www.csc.noaa.gov/benthic/data/gulf/apa.htm 20010509 The Apalachicola Bay National Estuarine Research Reserve and the NOAA Coastal Services Center worked together to map benthic habitats within Apalachicola Bay, Florida. The bay and the lower portions of four distributaries were surveyed on 11-22 October 1999 using three benthic sampling techniques. This data set represents the sediment grain size and organic content information gathered from grab sampling. Grabs were collected at 136 stations throughout the bay. http://www.csc.noaa.gov/benthic/data/gulf/apa.htm 20040616 The Apalachicola Bay National Estuarine Research Reserve and the NOAA Coastal Services Center worked together to map benthic habitats within Apalachicola Bay, Florida. The bay and the lower portions of four distributaries were surveyed on 11-22 October 1999 using three benthic sampling techniques. This data set represents the information gathered from sediment profile imagery sampling. Images were collected at 436 stations throughout the bay. http://www.csc.noaa.gov/benthic/data/gulf/apa.htm 20040617 The toxicity of sediments in Pensacola, Choctawhatchee, St. Andrew and Apalachicola Bays was determined as part of bioeffects assessments performed by NOAA’s National Status and Trends Program. The objectives of the survey were to determine: (1) the spatial patterns in toxicity throughout each bay, (2) the spatial extent of toxicity throughout and among the bays, (3) the severity or degree of toxicity, and (4) the relationships between chemical contamination and toxicity. The survey was conducted over two years: Pensacola Bay and St. Andrew Bay were sampled in 1993; and Choctawhatchee Bay, Apalachicola Bay and Bayou Chico (a sub-basin of Pensacola Bay) were sampled during 1994. Surficial sediment samples were collected from 123 randomly-chosen locations throughout the five areas. Multiple toxicity tests were conducted on all samples, and chemical analyses were performed on 102 of the 123 samples. Toxicological tests were conducted to determine survival, reproductive success, morphological development, metabolic activity, and genotoxicity; all bays showed toxicity in at least some of the samples. Toxicity was most severe in Bayou Chico, an industrialized basin adjoining Pensacola Bay. Other developed bayous adjoining Pensacola Bay and the other bays also showed relatively severe toxicity. The main basins of the bays generally showed lower toxicity than the adjoining bayous. The different toxicity tests, however, indicated differences in severity, incidence, spatial patterns, and spatial extent in toxicity. The most sensitive test, a bioassay of metabolic activity of bioluminescent bacteria, indicated toxicity was pervasive throughout the entire study area. The least sensitive test, an acute bioassay performed with a benthic amphipod, indicated toxicity was restricted to a very small portion of the area. Causes of toxicity were not determined in the survey. However, mixtures of potentially toxic substances, including pesticides, petroleum constituents, trace metals, and ammonia, were associated statistically with the measures of toxicity. The concentrations of many substances were highest in Bayou Chico, where the most severe toxicity was observed. At these toxic sites, some of the substances had considerably elevated concentrations, often exceeding numerical guidelines or known toxicity thresholds. The relationships between toxicity and chemical concentrations differed among the bays and toxicity tests. http://nsandt.noaa.gov 20071019 Reefs play a vital role for countless marine species and are an important destination for recreationists who desire to view the diversity of animal and plant life in this unique marine environment. Here, reefs refer to both artificial and natural reefs. Natural reefs include both coral reefs and other natural hard-bottom reefs. Many states have active artificial reef programs; in Florida, local county agencies also have these programs. Recently, these agencies have been pressured to justify the public investment in artificial reefs, as well as investments in protecting and restoring natural reefs. In the Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary (FKNMS), there is concern about the impacts of introducing new artificial reefs into a natural reef environment. Proponents of new artificial reefs argue that they will take pressure off of surrounding natural reefs (i.e. reduce usage). CORE has instituted monitoring programs to test this hypothesis. http://marineeconomics.noaa.gov/Reefs/welcome.html 20041025 This project is a cooperative effort between the National Ocean Service, National Centers for Coastal Ocean Science, Center for Coastal Monitoring and Assessment, the University of Hawaii, BAE Systems Spectral Solutions and Analytical Laboratories of Hawaii, LLC. The goal of the work was to map the coral reef habitats of American Samoa, Guam and the Common Wealth of the Northern Mariana Islands by visual interpretation and manual delineation of IKONOS satellite imagery. A two tiered habitat classification system was tested and implemented in this work. It integrates geomorphologic reef structure and biological cover into a single scheme and subsets each into detail. It also includes thirteen zones. Benthic features were mapped that covered an area of 71.5 square kilometers of which 10.56 were unconsolidated sediment and 60.94 were coral reef and hard bottom. Of the coral reef and hard bottom class, 62.8% is colonized by greater than 10% coral cover. http://ccma.nos.noaa.gov/products/biogeography/us_pac_terr/index.htm 20040630 This project is a cooperative effort between the National Ocean Service, National Centers for Coastal Ocean Science, Center for Coastal Monitoring and Assessment, the University of Hawaii, BAE Systems Spectral Solutions and Analytical Laboratories of Hawaii, LLC. The goal of the work was to map the coral reef habitats of American Samoa, Guam and the Common Wealth of the Northern Mariana Islands by visual interpretation and manual delineation of IKONOS satellite imagery. A two tiered habitat classification system was tested and implemented in this work. It integrates geomorphologic reef structure and biological cover into a single scheme and subsets each into detail. It also includes thirteen zones. Benthic features were mapped that covered an area of 71.5 square kilometers of which 10.56 were unconsolidated sediment and 60.94 were coral reef and hard bottom. Of the coral reef and hard bottom class, 62.8% is colonized by greater than 10% coral cover. http://ccma.nos.noaa.gov/products/biogeography/us_pac_terr/index.htm 20060106 IKONOS imagery was purchased to support the Pacific Islands Geographic Information System (GIS) project and the National Ocean Service's (NOS) coral mapping activities. One-meter panchromatic and four-meter multi-spectral data were purchased for each study area. A digital vector shoreline was manually digitized from the one-meter panchromatic imagery to provide accurate, up-to-date shoreline data. http://ccma.nos.noaa.gov/products/biogeography/us_pac_terr/index.htm 20051219 NOAA's Office of Coast Survey (OCS) is responsible for generating the Three Nautical Mile Line, Territorial Sea, Contiguous Zone, and Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ). Traditionally, these maritime limits have been generated by hand from the low water line depicted on paper, U.S. nautical charts. Upon final approval by the U.S. Baseline Committee, these legally-binding maritime limits are applied to the next edition of nautical charts produced by the Marine Chart Division of OCS. Due to new cartographic production processes and the availability of digital products such as Electronic Navigational Charts (ENCs), the Office of Coast Survey (OCS) is generating more accurate, digital maritime limits. Through the use of Geographic Information Systems (GIS) software such as CARIS' LOTS and ESRI's ArcGIS, the latest vector representations of these limits will be available to NOAA cartographers and the public. To create digital limits, the charted low water line is digitized from the largest-scale raster nautical charts and used as input to CARIS' LOTS: Limits and Boundaries software for the designation of a baseline. Other parts of the EEZ include maritime boundary agreements and/or unilateral claims as noted in Federal Register Notice, Volume 60, No. 163, Wednesday August 23, 1995. Once the limits are created, they are exported to a shapefile using CARIS' "Import SHP File" utility. Digital limits of the Exclusive Economic Zone for the Atlantic coast of the United States are contained within a zipped file. Within the zipped file is a shapefile and a text file detailing the individual coordinates. http://nauticalcharts.noaa.gov/csdl/eez.htm 20061130 Laser beach mapping uses a pulsed laser ranging system mounted onboard an aircraft to measure ground elevation and coastal topography. The laser emits laser beams at high frequency and is directed downward at the earth's surface through a port opening in the bottom of the aircraft's fuselage. The laser system records the time difference between emission of the laser beam and the reception of the reflected laser signal in the aircraft. The aircraft travels over the beach at approximately 60 meters per second while surveying from the low water line to the landward base of the sand dunes. http://www.csc.noaa.gov/ldart 20021210 This data set includes data collected from 1996-2000 and covers the states of Alabama, Florida, Louisiana, Mississippi, Delaware, Maryland, Virginia, Connecticut, Massachusetts, Maine, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Rhode Island, North Carolina, South Carolina, Georgia, California, Oregon, Washington, Texas, Ohio, and Pennsylvania. Laser beach mapping uses a pulsed laser ranging system mounted onboard an aircraft to measure ground elevation and coastal topography. The laser emits laser beams at high frequency and is directed downward at the earth's surface through a port opening in the bottom of the aircraft's fuselage. The laser system records the time difference between emission of the laser beam and the reception of the reflected laser signal in the aircraft. The aircraft travels over the beach at approximately 60 meters per second while surveying from the low water line to the landward base of the sand dunes. http://www.csc.noaa.gov/ldart 19980331 The Automated Wreck and Obstruction Information System (AWOIS) is an automated file that contains information on wrecks and obstructions, and other significant charted features in coastal waters of the United States subject to NOS Hydrographic Surveys. Items in this file are individually catalogued and are accompanied by historic and descriptive information gathered from field observations and Government and private publications. Approximately 96% of the items have a position in latitude and longitude (NAD83), original datum information, a position accuracy code, a source quality code, a charted symbol code, a chart number, and project information. Each item has also been evaluated for the adequacy of the available information as it relates to future surveys and nautical charting activities and may carry a specific recommendation for the type of survey investigation required to improve the quality of known information. http://chartmaker.ncd.noaa.gov/hsd/hsd-3.html 20051206 This dataset contains an ESRI Grid with 10 meter cell size representing the bathymetry of selected portions of seafloor around Bajo De Cico in Puerto Rico, derived from data collected in 2007. NOAA's NOS/NCCOS/CCMA Biogeography Team, in collaboration with NOAA vessel Nancy Foster and territory, federal, and private sector partners, acquired multibeam bathymetry data in Puerto Rico from 4/14/07 to 4/24/07. Data was acquired with a hull-mounted Kongsberg Simrad EM 1002 (95 kHz) multibeam echosounder. It was processed by a NOAA contractor using CARIS HIPS software. Data has all correctors applied (attitude, sound velocity) and has been reduced to mean lower low water (MLLW) using final approved tides and zoning from NOAA COOPS. Data is in UTM zone 19 north, datum NAD83. The processed CARIS data was used to generate a CARIS BASE surface based on swath angle. An ASCII XYZ file was exported from the BASE surface and opened in ESRI ArcMap 9.x using an XYZ to raster tool. The project was conducted to meet IHO Order 1 and 2 accuracy standards, dependant on the project area and depth. All users should individually evaluate the suitability of this data according to their own needs and standards. http://ccma.nos.noaa.gov/products/biogeography/usvi_nps/overview.html 20071029 This dataset contains an ESRI Grid with 3 meter cell size representing the bathymetry of selected portions of seafloor around Bajo De Cico in Puerto Rico, derived from data collected in 2007. NOAA's NOS/NCCOS/CCMA Biogeography Team, in collaboration with NOAA vessel Nancy Foster and territory, federal, and private sector partners, acquired multibeam bathymetry data in Puerto Rico from 4/14/07 to 4/24/07. Data was acquired with a hull-mounted Kongsberg Simrad EM 1002 (95 kHz) multibeam echosounder. It was processed by a NOAA contractor using CARIS HIPS software. Data has all correctors applied (attitude, sound velocity) and has been reduced to mean lower low water (MLLW) using final approved tides and zoning from NOAA COOPS. Data is in UTM zone 19 north, datum NAD83. The processed CARIS data was used to generate a CARIS BASE surface based on swath angle. An ASCII XYZ file was exported from the BASE surface and opened in ESRI ArcMap 9.x using an XYZ to raster tool. The project was conducted to meet IHO Order 1 and 2 accuracy standards, dependant on the project area and depth. All users should individually evaluate the suitability of this data according to their own needs and standards. http://ccma.nos.noaa.gov/products/biogeography/usvi_nps/overview.html 20071029 This dataset contains an ESRI Grid with 5 meter cell size representing the bathymetry of selected portions of seafloor around Bajo De Cico in Puerto Rico, derived from data collected in 2007. NOAA's NOS/NCCOS/CCMA Biogeography Team, in collaboration with NOAA vessel Nancy Foster and territory, federal, and private sector partners, acquired multibeam bathymetry data in Puerto Rico from 4/14/07 to 4/24/07. Data was acquired with a hull-mounted Kongsberg Simrad EM 1002 (95 kHz) multibeam echosounder. It was processed by a NOAA contractor using CARIS HIPS software. Data has all correctors applied (attitude, sound velocity) and has been reduced to mean lower low water (MLLW) using final approved tides and zoning from NOAA COOPS. Data is in UTM zone 19 north, datum NAD83. The processed CARIS data was used to generate a CARIS BASE surface based on swath angle. An ASCII XYZ file was exported from the BASE surface and opened in ESRI ArcMap 9.x using an XYZ to raster tool. The project was conducted to meet IHO Order 1 and 2 accuracy standards, dependant on the project area and depth. All users should individually evaluate the suitability of this data according to their own needs and standards. http://ccma.nos.noaa.gov/products/biogeography/usvi_nps/overview.html 20071029 Shallow-water (generally, less than 30 meters) bank areas in the Northwestern Hawaiian Islands were identified using semi-automated image analysis of Landsat 7 ETM+ satellite imagery. An area of approximately 10,000 sq. km was mapped using the moderate-resolution satellite imagery and shallow-water bank maps were generated for the French Frigate Shoals, Gardner Pinnacles, Lisianski Island, Laysan Island, Maro Reef, Necker Island, Nihoa Island, Pioneer Bank, Raita Bank, St. Rogatien Bank, the Brooks Banks, and the bank west of Nihoa. This project is a cooperative effort between the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, State of Hawaii Department of Land and Natural Resources, and the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service to produce benthic habitat maps and georeferenced imagery for the Northwestern Hawaiian Islands. This project was conducted in support of the U.S. Coral Reef Task Force. http://ccma.nos.noaa.gov/ecosystems/coralreef/nwhi_mapping.html 20060810 This is a line coverage depicting 10 meter bathymetric contours of the survey area HMPR-108-2002-01 within the Olympic Coast national marine sanctuary. http://olympiccoast.noaa.gov/research/mapping 20051017 This image represents a LiDAR (Light Detection & Ranging) bathymetric mosaic (mean 4 meter gridded) collected along the coastline of southwestern Puerto Rico. The Tenix LADS Corporation (TLI) acquired bathymetric LIDAR for NOAA from 4/07/2006 to 5/15/2006. Data was acquired with a LADS (Laser Airborne Depth Sounder) Mk II Airborne System from altitudes between 1,200 and 2,200ft at ground speeds between 140 and 175 knots. The 900 Hertz Nd: YAG (neodymium-doped yttrium aluminum garnet) laser (1064 nm) acquired 4x4 meter spot spacing and 200% seabed coverage. In total, 265 square nautical miles of LiDAR were collected between -50 m (topographic) and up to 70 m (depth), requiring a total of 102 flight hours (134 hours, including flight time to and from San Juan airport). Environmental factors such as wind strength and direction, cloud cover, and water clarity influenced the area of data acquisition on a daily basis. The data was processed using the LADS Mk II Ground System and data visualization, quality control and final products were created using CARIS HIPS and SIPS 6.1 and CARIS BASE Editor 2.1 The project was conducted to meet the IHO (International Hydrograph Organization)Order 1 accuracy standards, dependant on the project area and depth. All users should individually evaluate the suitability of this data according to their own needs and standards. http://ccma.nos.noaa.gov/products/biogeography/lidar_pr/welcome.html 20071214 The National Survey on Recreation and the Environment (NSRE) represents the continuation of the ongoing National Recreation Survey (NRS) series. Begun in 1960 by the congressionally created Outdoor Recreation Resources Review Commission (ORRRC), the first NRS was a four-season, in-the-home survey of outdoor recreation participation in the United States. Since that time, five additional NRSs , in 1965, 1970, 1972, 1977, and 1982-83, and two NSREs, in 1994-95 and 2000-2001 have been conducted. The CORE program is co-leading the latest NSRE, which represents the second time data on marine recreation has been collected. Nationwide, more than 50,000 households will be included in this survey. Partners include the U.S. Forest Service, the USDA Economic Research Service, the U.S. EPA, and the U.S. Department of Interior?s Bureau of Land Management. http://marineeconomics.noaa.gov/NSRE/welcome.html 20041014 In fall 2001, researchers from the Wells National Estuarine Research Reserve, Virginia Institute of Marine Science, and the NOAA Coastal Services Center conducted a project to map benthic habitats in the York and Webhannet rivers in southern Maine. The team completed two weeks of fieldwork in September 2001, collecting sediment profile images at 382 stations and sediment grab samples at 93 stations. This data set represents the benthic community information gathered from grab sampling. http://www.csc.noaa.gov/benthic/data/northeast/wells.htm 20040809 This dataset consists of polygonal boundaries for the 2000 Census Block Groups with 2000 Block Group level data. A census block group (BG) is a cluster of blocks that have the same first digit in their identifying number within a census tract. For example, Block Group 2 (BG 2) within a census tract includes all blocks numbered from 2000 to 2999. Block groups generally contain between 600 and 3,000 people, with an optimum population size of 1,500. Block Groups never cross census tract or BNA boundaries, but may cross the boundaries of county subdivisions, places, American Indian and Alaska Native areas, urbanized areas, voting districts, and congressional districts. http://marineeconomics.noaa.gov/socioeconomics/welcome.html 20040331 This data set contains vector lines and polygons representing the shoreline and coastal habitats of the Bristol Bay Subarea, classified according to the Environmental Sensitivity Index (ESI) classification system. The Subarea includes marine and coastal areas of Bristol Bay and part of the southern Alaska Peninsula. (This area extends from directly south of Goodnews Bay to slightly north of Port Seniavan along the Bristol Bay side of the Alaska Peninsula, as well as the Pacific Ocean side of the Alaska Peninsula from Cape Providence to Kupreanof Peninsula.) This data set comprises a portion of the ESI for the Bristol Bay Subarea. ESI data characterize the marine and coastal environments and wildlife by their sensitivity to spilled oil. The ESI data include information for three main components: shoreline habitats, sensitive biological resources, and human-use resources. http://response.restoration.noaa.gov/esi 200405 This data set reports information regarding the nominal sampling locations for the National Status and Trends Benthic Surveillance Project sites. One record is presented per site. Each record reports the five letter site acronym, site sequence number, general and specific location information, state abbreviation, state name, degree-minute-second coordinates, decimal degree coordinates, and species information, among other things. The actual site coordinate information is recorded at the time of sampling, if samples were taken at a location other than the nominal site center. The five letter acronym is based on both the general location information and more specific location information (e.g. SFSM is San Francisco-San Mateo Bridge). The file also contains sequence numbers that facilitate geographic manipulation of the data. Sites are numbered sequentially from the northern most site on the U.S. East coast (i.e. Penobscot Bay-Pickering Island) and continue counter-clockwise around the country. http://NSandT.noaa.gov 20040929 The National Status and Trends (NS&T) Benthic Surveillance Project Chemistry data file reports the trace concentrations of a suite of chemical contaminants in marine sediment and benthic fish tissue samples collected from all U.S. coastal regions from 1984 to 1992. The sediment and tissue samples were analyzed for major and trace elements and a suite of organic chemical constituents, including butyltins, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), and pesticides. The Benthic Surveillance Project Tissue Chemistry file is constructed as a vertically formatted table. http://NSandT.noaa.gov 20040929 CAMEO ® (Computer-Aided Management of Emergency Operations) is a system of software applications used widely to plan for and respond to chemical emergencies. It is one of the tools developed by EPA's Chemical Emergency Preparedness and Prevention Office (CEPPO) and the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Office of Response and Restoration (NOAA), to assist front-line chemical emergency planners and responders. They can use CAMEO to access, store, and evaluate information critical for developing emergency plans. In addition, CAMEO supports regulatory compliance by helping users meet the chemical inventory reporting requirements of the Emergency Planning and Community Right-to-Know Act (EPCRA, also known as SARA Title III). CAMEO also can be used with a separate software application called LandView ® to display EPA environmental databases and demographic/economic information to support analysis of environmental justice issues. The CAMEO system integrates a chemical database and a method to manage the data, an air dispersion model, and a mapping capability. All modules work interactively to share and display critical information in a timely fashion. The CAMEO system is available in Macintosh and Windows format. CAMEO ® - The Database and Information Management The original application, called CAMEO, contains a chemical database of over 6,000 hazardous chemicals, 100,000 synonyms, and product trade names. CAMEO provides a powerful search engine that allows users to find chemicals instantly. Each one is linked to chemical-specific information on fire and explosive hazards, health hazards, firefighting techniques, cleanup procedures, and protective clothing. CAMEO also contains basic information on facilities that store chemicals, on the inventory of chemicals at the facility (Tier II) and on emergency planning resources. Additionally, there are templates where users can store EPCRA information. CAMEO connects the planner or emergency responder with critical information to identify unknown substances during an incident. ALOHA ® - Areal Locations of Hazardous Atmospheres ALOHA is an atmospheric dispersion model used for evaluating releases of hazardous chemical vapors. ALOHA allows the user to estimate the downwind dispersion of a chemical cloud based on the toxicological/physical characteristics of the released chemical, atmospheric conditions, and specific circumstances of the release. Graphical outputs include a "cloud footprint" that can be plotted on maps with MARPLOT to display the location of other facilities storing hazardous materials and vulnerable locations, such as hospitals and schools. Specific information about these locations can be extracted from CAMEO information modules to help make decisions about the degree of hazard posed. MARPLOT ® - Mapping Applications for Response, Planning, and Local Operational Tasks MARPLOT is the mapping application. It allows users to "see" their data (e.g., roads, facilities, schools, response assets), display this information on computer maps, and print the information on area maps. The areas contaminated by potential or actual chemical release scenarios also can be overlaid on the maps to determine potential impacts. The maps are created from the U.S. Bureau of Census TIGER/Line files and can be manipulated quickly to show possible hazard areas. http://www.epa.gov/ceppo/cameo/index.htm; 20040102 These data were automated to provide a suitable geographic information system (GIS) data layer depicting the historical shoreline for California. These data are derived from shoreline maps that were produced by the NOAA National Ocean Service including its predecessor agencies. http://www.csc.noaa.gov/shoreline/data.html 20071010 The National Marine Sanctuary Program manages a system of sanctuaries and other managed areas around the country. The legal boundaries of These sanctuaries are defined within the Code of Federal Regulations, at 15 C.F.R. Part 922 and the subparts for each national marine sanctuary. The GIS compatible digital boundary files for each national marine sanctuary are representations of those legal boundaries and are based on the best available data. These files are available for public use at locations defined in this metadata record. http://sanctuaries.noaa.gov/library/imast_gis.html 20060317 The Coastal Change Analysis Program (C-CAP) is developing a nationally standardized database on land cover and habitat change in the coastal regions of the United States. C-CAP inventories wetland habitats and adjacent uplands and monitors changes in these habitats on a 1 to 5 year cycle. The monitoring cycle will vary according to the rate and magnitude of change in each geographic region. Satellite imagery (primarily Landsat Thematic Mapper), aerial photography, and field data are interpreted, classified, analyzed, and integrated with other digital data in a geographic information system (GIS). The resulting land cover change databases are disseminated in digital form for use by anyone wishing to conduct geographic analysis in the completed regions. http://www.csc.noaa.gov/crs/lca/ccap.html 20031125 The National Marine Sanctuary Program (NMSP) is currently updating and revising the management plans for each of its 13 sanctuaries. This process, which is open to the public, enables each site to revisit the reasons for sanctuary designation and assess whether they are meeting their goals, as well as to set new goals consistent with the mandates of the National Marine Sanctuaries Act. Issues raised by the public during this process are evaluated and a determination is made as to whether they will be incorporated into the updated plan. Many of these issues focus on topics such as the implementation of marine zoning or sanctuary boundary adjustments, both of which require information on the distribution of resources within and around the sanctuary. Recognizing this, NMSP and NOAA’s National Centers for Coastal Ocean Science (NCCOS) formalized an agreement to collaborate in the revision process by developing such information through a series of biogeographic assessments conducted in selected sanctuaries. The resulting products are then supplied to sanctuary managers and staff for use in the policy and decision making process. This collaborative effort began along the west coast of the U.S. with the Cordell Bank, Gulf of Farallones, and Monterey Bay national marine sanctuaries, and is herein centered on the Channel Islands National Marine Sanctuary (CINMS). http://ccma.nos.noaa.gov/ecosystems/sanctuaries/chanisl_nms.html 20060120 The National Marine Sanctuary Program (NMSP) is currently updating and revising the management plans for each of its 13 sanctuaries. This process, which is open to the public, enables each site to revisit the reasons for sanctuary designation and assess whether they are meeting their goals, as well as to set new goals consistent with the mandates of the National Marine Sanctuaries Act. Issues raised by the public during this process are evaluated and a determination is made as to whether they will be incorporated into the updated plan. Many of these issues focus on topics such as the implementation of marine zoning or sanctuary boundary adjustments, both of which require information on the distribution of resources within and around the sanctuary. Recognizing this, NMSP and NOAA’s National Centers for Coastal Ocean Science (NCCOS) formalized an agreement to collaborate in the revision process by developing such information through a series of biogeographic assessments conducted in selected sanctuaries. The resulting products are then supplied to sanctuary managers and staff for use in the policy and decision making process. This collaborative effort began along the west coast of the U.S. with the Cordell Bank, Gulf of Farallones, and Monterey Bay national marine sanctuaries, and is herein centered on the Channel Islands National Marine Sanctuary (CINMS). http://ccma.nos.noaa.gov/ecosystems/sanctuaries/chanisl_nms.html 20060120 The National Marine Sanctuary Program (NMSP) is currently updating and revising the management plans for each of its 13 sanctuaries. This process, which is open to the public, enables each site to revisit the reasons for sanctuary designation and assess whether they are meeting their goals, as well as to set new goals consistent with the mandates of the National Marine Sanctuaries Act. Issues raised by the public during this process are evaluated and a determination is made as to whether they will be incorporated into the updated plan. Many of these issues focus on topics such as the implementation of marine zoning or sanctuary boundary adjustments, both of which require information on the distribution of resources within and around the sanctuary. Recognizing this, NMSP and NOAA’s National Centers for Coastal Ocean Science (NCCOS) formalized an agreement to collaborate in the revision process by developing such information through a series of biogeographic assessments conducted in selected sanctuaries. The resulting products are then supplied to sanctuary managers and staff for use in the policy and decision making process. This collaborative effort began along the west coast of the U.S. with the Cordell Bank, Gulf of Farallones, and Monterey Bay national marine sanctuaries, and is herein centered on the Channel Islands National Marine Sanctuary (CINMS). http://ccma.nos.noaa.gov/ecosystems/sanctuaries/chanisl_nms.html 20060120 Meteorological monitoring is conducted at 26 National Estuarine Research Reserves (NERR) from at least one location within or adjacent to the reserve. Data are collected every 5 seconds and averages are produced from this data at quarterly (15 minutes), hourly (60 minutes) and daily (1440 minutes) intervals. The parameters collected within these intervals are: averages, maximums and minimums of air temperature, relative humidity, barometric pressure, wind speed, wind direction, precipitation and photosynthetically active solar radiation http://cdmo.baruch.sc.edu/QueryPages/stationmap.cfm?Site_ID=ACE 2006-02-22 15:53:51.173604 Water quality monitoring is conducted at 26 National Estuarine Research Reserves (NERR) at four locations within or adjacent to the reserve. The following parameters are collected at least every 30 minutes: water temperature, specific conductivity, salinity, percent saturation, dissolved oxygen concentration, water depth, pH and turbidity. All water quality data loggers will be deployed from a known depth from the bottom at each site. http://cdmo.baruch.sc.edu/QueryPages/stationmap.cfm?Site_ID=CBM 2006-02-08 14:31:14.811064 Nutrient monitoring is conducted at 26 National Estuarine Research Reserves (NERR) from four locations within or adjacent to the reserve on a monthly basis of the following parameters: orthophosphate, ammonium, nitrite, nitrate, and chlorophyll a. Note: Reserves may collect additional parameters which are available by searching the Yearly Files directory. http://cdmo.baruch.sc.edu/QueryPages/stationmap.cfm?Site_ID=DEL 2006-02-23 13:52:12.065435 Meteorological monitoring is conducted at 26 National Estuarine Research Reserves (NERR) from at least one location within or adjacent to the reserve. Data are collected every 5 seconds and averages are produced from this data at quarterly (15 minutes), hourly (60 minutes) and daily (1440 minutes) intervals. The parameters collected within these intervals are: averages, maximums and minimums of air temperature, relative humidity, barometric pressure, wind speed, wind direction, precipitation and photosynthetically active solar radiation http://cdmo.baruch.sc.edu/QueryPages/stationmap.cfm?Site_ID=ELK 2006-02-22 16:02:37.651618 Water quality monitoring is conducted at 26 National Estuarine Research Reserves (NERR) at four locations within or adjacent to the reserve. The following parameters are collected at least every 30 minutes: water temperature, specific conductivity, salinity, percent saturation, dissolved oxygen concentration, water depth, pH and turbidity. All water quality data loggers will be deployed from a known depth from the bottom at each site. http://cdmo.baruch.sc.edu/QueryPages/stationmap.cfm?Site_ID=GND 2006-02-09 13:24:57.61347 Nutrient monitoring is conducted at 26 National Estuarine Research Reserves (NERR) from four locations within or adjacent to the reserve on a monthly basis of the following parameters: orthophosphate, ammonium, nitrite, nitrate, and chlorophyll a. Note: Reserves may collect additional parameters which are available by searching the Yearly Files directory. http://cdmo.baruch.sc.edu/QueryPages/stationmap.cfm?Site_ID=GRB 2006-02-23 14:27:02.295817 Water quality monitoring is conducted at 26 National Estuarine Research Reserves (NERR) at four locations within or adjacent to the reserve. The following parameters are collected at least every 30 minutes: water temperature, specific conductivity, salinity, percent saturation, dissolved oxygen concentration, water depth, pH and turbidity. All water quality data loggers will be deployed from a known depth from the bottom at each site. http://cdmo.baruch.sc.edu/QueryPages/stationmap.cfm?Site_ID=GRB 2006-02-09 14:32:44.572428 Nutrient monitoring is conducted at 26 National Estuarine Research Reserves (NERR) from four locations within or adjacent to the reserve on a monthly basis of the following parameters: orthophosphate, ammonium, nitrite, nitrate, and chlorophyll a. Note: Reserves may collect additional parameters which are available by searching the Yearly Files directory. http://cdmo.baruch.sc.edu/QueryPages/stationmap.cfm?Site_ID=GTM 2006-02-23 14:44:23.034133 Nutrient monitoring is conducted at 26 National Estuarine Research Reserves (NERR) from four locations within or adjacent to the reserve on a monthly basis of the following parameters: orthophosphate, ammonium, nitrite, nitrate, and chlorophyll a. Note: Reserves may collect additional parameters which are available by searching the Yearly Files directory. http://cdmo.baruch.sc.edu/QueryPages/stationmap.cfm?Site_ID=HUD 2006-02-24 11:00:06.197928 Meteorological monitoring is conducted at 26 National Estuarine Research Reserves (NERR) from at least one location within or adjacent to the reserve. Data are collected every 5 seconds and averages are produced from this data at quarterly (15 minutes), hourly (60 minutes) and daily (1440 minutes) intervals. The parameters collected within these intervals are: averages, maximums and minimums of air temperature, relative humidity, barometric pressure, wind speed, wind direction, precipitation and photosynthetically active solar radiation http://cdmo.baruch.sc.edu/QueryPages/stationmap.cfm?Site_ID=JOB 2006-02-23 09:28:17.607183 Meteorological monitoring is conducted at 26 National Estuarine Research Reserves (NERR) from at least one location within or adjacent to the reserve. Data are collected every 5 seconds and averages are produced from this data at quarterly (15 minutes), hourly (60 minutes) and daily (1440 minutes) intervals. The parameters collected within these intervals are: averages, maximums and minimums of air temperature, relative humidity, barometric pressure, wind speed, wind direction, precipitation and photosynthetically active solar radiation http://cdmo.baruch.sc.edu/QueryPages/stationmap.cfm?Site_ID=KAC 2006-02-23 09:28:35.726072 Water quality monitoring is conducted at 26 National Estuarine Research Reserves (NERR) at four locations within or adjacent to the reserve. The following parameters are collected at least every 30 minutes: water temperature, specific conductivity, salinity, percent saturation, dissolved oxygen concentration, water depth, pH and turbidity. All water quality data loggers will be deployed from a known depth from the bottom at each site. http://cdmo.baruch.sc.edu/QueryPages/stationmap.cfm?Site_ID=JAC 2006-02-13 15:16:45.778444 Meteorological monitoring is conducted at 26 National Estuarine Research Reserves (NERR) from at least one location within or adjacent to the reserve. Data are collected every 5 seconds and averages are produced from this data at quarterly (15 minutes), hourly (60 minutes) and daily (1440 minutes) intervals. The parameters collected within these intervals are: averages, maximums and minimums of air temperature, relative humidity, barometric pressure, wind speed, wind direction, precipitation and photosynthetically active solar radiation http://cdmo.baruch.sc.edu/QueryPages/stationmap.cfm?Site_ID=NAR 2006-02-23 09:34:37.725328 Meteorological monitoring is conducted at 26 National Estuarine Research Reserves (NERR) from at least one location within or adjacent to the reserve. Data are collected every 5 seconds and averages are produced from this data at quarterly (15 minutes), hourly (60 minutes) and daily (1440 minutes) intervals. The parameters collected within these intervals are: averages, maximums and minimums of air temperature, relative humidity, barometric pressure, wind speed, wind direction, precipitation and photosynthetically active solar radiation http://cdmo.baruch.sc.edu/QueryPages/stationmap.cfm?Site_ID=NOC 2006-02-23 09:38:22.328776 Nutrient monitoring is conducted at 26 National Estuarine Research Reserves (NERR) from four locations within or adjacent to the reserve on a monthly basis of the following parameters: orthophosphate, ammonium, nitrite, nitrate, and chlorophyll a. Note: Reserves may collect additional parameters which are available by searching the Yearly Files directory. http://cdmo.baruch.sc.edu/QueryPages/stationmap.cfm?Site_ID=NOC 2006-02-24 12:01:53.753052 Meteorological monitoring is conducted at 26 National Estuarine Research Reserves (NERR) from at least one location within or adjacent to the reserve. Data are collected every 5 seconds and averages are produced from this data at quarterly (15 minutes), hourly (60 minutes) and daily (1440 minutes) intervals. The parameters collected within these intervals are: averages, maximums and minimums of air temperature, relative humidity, barometric pressure, wind speed, wind direction, precipitation and photosynthetically active solar radiation http://cdmo.baruch.sc.edu/QueryPages/stationmap.cfm?Site_ID=OWC 2006-02-23 09:39:18.514777 Nutrient monitoring is conducted at 26 National Estuarine Research Reserves (NERR) from four locations within or adjacent to the reserve on a monthly basis of the following parameters: orthophosphate, ammonium, nitrite, nitrate, and chlorophyll a. Note: Reserves may collect additional parameters which are available by searching the Yearly Files directory. http://cdmo.baruch.sc.edu/QueryPages/stationmap.cfm?Site_ID=OWC 2006-02-24 13:44:26.805581 Water quality monitoring is conducted at 26 National Estuarine Research Reserves (NERR) at four locations within or adjacent to the reserve. The following parameters are collected at least every 30 minutes: water temperature, specific conductivity, salinity, percent saturation, dissolved oxygen concentration, water depth, pH and turbidity. All water quality data loggers will be deployed from a known depth from the bottom at each site. http://cdmo.baruch.sc.edu/QueryPages/stationmap.cfm?Site_ID=OWC 2006-02-20 13:04:09.825134 Nutrient monitoring is conducted at 26 National Estuarine Research Reserves (NERR) from four locations within or adjacent to the reserve on a monthly basis of the following parameters: orthophosphate, ammonium, nitrite, nitrate, and chlorophyll a. Note: Reserves may collect additional parameters which are available by searching the Yearly Files directory. http://cdmo.baruch.sc.edu/QueryPages/stationmap.cfm?Site_ID=PDB 2006-02-24 13:46:15.107787 Water quality monitoring is conducted at 26 National Estuarine Research Reserves (NERR) at four locations within or adjacent to the reserve. The following parameters are collected at least every 30 minutes: water temperature, specific conductivity, salinity, percent saturation, dissolved oxygen concentration, water depth, pH and turbidity. All water quality data loggers will be deployed from a known depth from the bottom at each site. http://cdmo.baruch.sc.edu/QueryPages/stationmap.cfm?Site_ID=PDB 2006-02-20 13:10:29.53572 Meteorological monitoring is conducted at 26 National Estuarine Research Reserves (NERR) from at least one location within or adjacent to the reserve. Data are collected every 5 seconds and averages are produced from this data at quarterly (15 minutes), hourly (60 minutes) and daily (1440 minutes) intervals. The parameters collected within these intervals are: averages, maximums and minimums of air temperature, relative humidity, barometric pressure, wind speed, wind direction, precipitation and photosynthetically active solar radiation http://cdmo.baruch.sc.edu/QueryPages/stationmap.cfm?Site_ID=RKB 2006-02-23 09:44:16.882767 Water quality monitoring is conducted at 26 National Estuarine Research Reserves (NERR) at four locations within or adjacent to the reserve. The following parameters are collected at least every 30 minutes: water temperature, specific conductivity, salinity, percent saturation, dissolved oxygen concentration, water depth, pH and turbidity. All water quality data loggers will be deployed from a known depth from the bottom at each site. http://cdmo.baruch.sc.edu/QueryPages/stationmap.cfm?Site_ID=RKB 2006-02-20 13:18:18.095499 Meteorological monitoring is conducted at 26 National Estuarine Research Reserves (NERR) from at least one location within or adjacent to the reserve. Data are collected every 5 seconds and averages are produced from this data at quarterly (15 minutes), hourly (60 minutes) and daily (1440 minutes) intervals. The parameters collected within these intervals are: averages, maximums and minimums of air temperature, relative humidity, barometric pressure, wind speed, wind direction, precipitation and photosynthetically active solar radiation http://cdmo.baruch.sc.edu/QueryPages/stationmap.cfm?Site_ID=SAP 2006-02-23 09:46:45.355347 Water quality monitoring is conducted at 26 National Estuarine Research Reserves (NERR) at four locations within or adjacent to the reserve. The following parameters are collected at least every 30 minutes: water temperature, specific conductivity, salinity, percent saturation, dissolved oxygen concentration, water depth, pH and turbidity. All water quality data loggers will be deployed from a known depth from the bottom at each site. http://cdmo.baruch.sc.edu/QueryPages/stationmap.cfm?Site_ID=SOS 2006-02-20 13:27:43.919545 Meteorological monitoring is conducted at 26 National Estuarine Research Reserves (NERR) from at least one location within or adjacent to the reserve. Data are collected every 5 seconds and averages are produced from this data at quarterly (15 minutes), hourly (60 minutes) and daily (1440 minutes) intervals. The parameters collected within these intervals are: averages, maximums and minimums of air temperature, relative humidity, barometric pressure, wind speed, wind direction, precipitation and photosynthetically active solar radiation http://cdmo.baruch.sc.edu/QueryPages/stationmap.cfm?Site_ID=TJR 2006-02-23 09:50:15.738311 Water quality monitoring is conducted at 26 National Estuarine Research Reserves (NERR) at four locations within or adjacent to the reserve. The following parameters are collected at least every 30 minutes: water temperature, specific conductivity, salinity, percent saturation, dissolved oxygen concentration, water depth, pH and turbidity. All water quality data loggers will be deployed from a known depth from the bottom at each site. http://cdmo.baruch.sc.edu/QueryPages/stationmap.cfm?Site_ID=TJR 2006-02-20 13:31:57.23371 Nutrient monitoring is conducted at 26 National Estuarine Research Reserves (NERR) from four locations within or adjacent to the reserve on a monthly basis of the following parameters: orthophosphate, ammonium, nitrite, nitrate, and chlorophyll a. Note: Reserves may collect additional parameters which are available by searching the Yearly Files directory. http://cdmo.baruch.sc.edu/QueryPages/stationmap.cfm?Site_ID=WEL 2006-02-28 10:45:04.004387 Nutrient monitoring is conducted at 26 National Estuarine Research Reserves (NERR) from four locations within or adjacent to the reserve on a monthly basis of the following parameters: orthophosphate, ammonium, nitrite, nitrate, and chlorophyll a. Note: Reserves may collect additional parameters which are available by searching the Yearly Files directory. http://cdmo.baruch.sc.edu/QueryPages/stationmap.cfm?Site_ID=WKB 2006-02-28 10:45:57.580098 Meteorological monitoring is conducted at 26 National Estuarine Research Reserves (NERR) from at least one location within or adjacent to the reserve. Data are collected every 5 seconds and averages are produced from this data at quarterly (15 minutes), hourly (60 minutes) and daily (1440 minutes) intervals. The parameters collected within these intervals are: averages, maximums and minimums of air temperature, relative humidity, barometric pressure, wind speed, wind direction, precipitation and photosynthetically active solar radiation http://cdmo.baruch.sc.edu/QueryPages/stationmap.cfm?Site_ID=WQB 2006-02-23 09:54:05.563974 This data set contains vector lines and polygons representing the shoreline and coastal habitats of Central California classified according to the Environmental Sensitivity Index (ESI) classification system. This data set comprises a portion of the ESI data for Central California. ESI data characterize the marine and coastal environments and wildlife by their sensitivity to spilled oil. The ESI data include information for three main components: shoreline habitats, sensitive biological resources, and human-use resources. http://response.restoration.noaa.gov/esi 200606 NOAA, National Ocean Service, Office of Coast Survey is responsible to build and maintain a suite of more than 1000 nautical charts that are used by commercial and recreational mariners to safely navigate the United States and the U.S. territory waters. A Nautical Chart is a graphic portrayal of the marine environment. They are used to lay out courses and navigate ships by the shortest and most economically safe route. They can also serve as base maps for resource management and shoreline development planning by state and local government. Charts depict the location of the shoreline, minimum water depths, aids to navigation, hazards to navigation, the nature and form of the coast, water depths, the general character and configuration of the sea bottom, the rise and fall of the tides, protected areas and the characteristics of the Earth's magnetism. NOAA's Office of Coast Survey, in partnership with OceanGrafix, LLC, offers mariners official nautical charts continually updated by NOAA cartographers to the latest Notice to Mariners and to all Critical Safety Information known to the Office of Coast Survey in advance of its publication in a Notice. From NOAA digital files OceanGrafix prints corrected charts, to order, for sale to mariners through the OceanGrafix retail network under the brand name Charts-on-Demand. http://nauticalcharts.noaa.gov/pod/Pod.htm 20071115 This study was based on the sediment quality triad (SQT) approach. A stratified probabilistic sampling design was utilized to characterize the Chesapeake Bay system in terms of chemical contamination, sediment toxicity (Microtox, amphipod bioassay; sea urchin gamete bioassay; and P450 biomarker) and benthic infaunal community structure. The purpose was to define the extent and magnitude of toxicity and other biological effects associated with contaminants in the mainstem Chesapeake estuary and major western subestuaries. This file contains data measured in the Chesapeake Bay estuary system sampled in 1998, 1999, and 2001. Samples were collected for sediment analyses. http://nsandt.noaa.gov 20070226 This data set represents the benthic community information gathered from grab sampling in 2004 (12 stations). In Fall/Winter 2002, researchers from the Virginia Institute of Marine Science (VIMS) and the NOAA Coastal Services Center conducted a project to map benthic habitats by Catlett and Goodwin Islands on the York River, Chesapeake Bay, Virginia. Sediment grab samples were collected at 56 stations and sediment profile images were collected at 200 stations. Sampling areas were also surveyed using side scan sonar and multibeam bathymetry sensors. Scientists from the Virginia Institute of Marine Sciences returned to sample a subset of the 2002 sediment grab data in 2003 and then again in 2004. A subset of SPI stations (79) were revisited in 2004. http://www.csc.noaa.gov/benthic/data/northeast/york.htm 20050613 This data set represents the sediment grain size gathered from grab sampling in 2004 (12 stations). In Fall/Winter 2002, researchers from the Virginia Institute of Marine Science (VIMS) and the NOAA Coastal Services Center conducted a project to map benthic habitats by Catlett and Goodwin Islands on the York River, Chesapeake Bay, Virginia. Sediment grab samples were collected at 56 stations and sediment profile images were collected at 200 stations. Sampling areas were also surveyed using side scan sonar and multibeam bathymetry sensors. Scientists from the Virginia Institute of Marine Sciences returned to sample a subset of the 2002 sediment grab data in 2003 and then again in 2004. A subset of SPI stations (79) were revisited in 2004. http://www.csc.noaa.gov/benthic/data/northeast/york.htm 20050613 This data set represents the sediment profile imaging data from 2004 (79 stations). In Fall/Winter 2002, researchers from the Virginia Institute of Marine Science (VIMS) and the NOAA Coastal Services Center conducted a project to map benthic habitats by Catlett and Goodwin Islands on the York River, Chesapeake Bay, Virginia. Sediment grab samples were collected at 56 stations and sediment profile images were collected at 200 stations. Sampling areas were also surveyed using side scan sonar and interferometric swath bathymetry sensors. Scientists from the Virginia Institute of Marine Sciences returned to sample a subset of the 2002 sediment grab data in 2003 and then again in 2004. A subset of SPI stations (79) were revisited in 2004. http://www.csc.noaa.gov/benthic/data/northeast/york.htm 20050719 The National Marine Sanctuary Program manages a system of sanctuaries and other managed areas around the country. The legal boundaries of These sanctuaries are defined within the Code of Federal Regulations, at 15 C.F.R. Part 922 and the subparts for each national marine sanctuary. The GIS compatible digital boundary files for each national marine sanctuary are representations of those legal boundaries and are based on the best available data. These files are available for public use at locations defined in this metadata record. http://sanctuaries.noaa.gov/library/imast_gis.html 20060317 This dataset consists of polygonal boundaries for U.S. Counties with 2000 Block Group level data at the county level . Counties are the primary legal divisions of most States. In Louisiana the county equivalents are known as parishes. In Alaska beginning with 1980 census the county equivalents include, organized boroughs, and "census areas" delineated for statistical purposes by the State and U.S. Census Bureau. In Maryland, Missouri, Nevada, and Virginia, on or more cities are outside of any county organization, and are treated as county equivalents for statistical purposes. The District of Columbia has no primary divisions, and the entire area is considered to be the equivalent of a county for statistical purposes. http://marineeconomics.noaa.gov/socioeconomics/welcome.html 20040421 The Coast Survey Development Laboratory (CSDL) has developed techniques and software to create a digital, geo-referenced coastal map raster data layer. The data layer will be derived directly from the NOS nautical chart and contain the hydrography, topography and shoreline base information. Each coastal map data layer will be offered as a single GEOTIFF file for ease of transfer and use by the coastal stewardship community. Additionally, users can disseminate the coastal map files along with their data to their constituents. http://nauticalcharts.noaa.gov/csdl/ctp/cm_vs.htm 20010801 This data set contains vector lines and polygons representing the shoreline and coastal habitats of Columbia River classified according to the Environmental Sensitivity Index (ESI) classification system. This data set comprises a portion of the ESI data for Columbia River. ESI data characterize the marine and coastal environments and wildlife by their sensitivity to spilled oil. The ESI data include information for three main components: shoreline habitats, sensitive biological resources, and human-use resources. http://response.restoration.noaa.gov/esi 200408 This product is an informational aid designed to assist communities in their efforts to reduce hazard vulnerability. Before communities can develop effective hazard mitigation strategies, they must first identify their hazard risks and assess their vulnerability to the impacts of those hazards. This CD-ROM includes a newly developed methodology for conducting a community-wide vulnerability assessment. The general methodology is included as a tutorial that steps the user through a process of analyzing physical, social, economic, and environmental vulnerability at the community level. The foundation for the methodology was established by the Heinz Center Panel on Risk, Vulnerability, and the True Cost of Hazards (1999). This data and information that is contained on the CD-ROM is also available online. This data and information can be accessed at this location: http://www.csc.noaa.gov/products/nchaz/startup.htm http://www.csc.noaa.gov/products/nchaz/startup.htm 20071010 This map shows composite diversity averaged between 4 data sets: RecFIN recreational hook and line, SCCWRP trawls, NMFS benthic trawls, and kelp diver surveys. Diversity (H') was calculated independently for each of the four large datasets on a total of 364 species using the Shannon index of diversity (Shannon and Weaver, 1949). Using ArcGIS, 5 x 5 minute grids were created and mean diversity was calculated for each grid cell containing data. To provide an overall map of diversity, results from the four datasets were combined. To standardize, gridded results from each dataset were divided into quintiles with 5 denoting the greatest diversity and 1 the least diversity. The standardized diversity was averaged where more than one diversity estimate was available for a cell. Standardization re-scales the results from all datasets to the same scale. This process can remove some differences that result from variable collection methods; however, it can also minimize actual differences between habitats. http://ccma.nos.noaa.gov/ecosystems/sanctuaries/chanisl_nms.html 20060120 This data set contains vector lines and polygons representing the shoreline and coastal habitats of Cook Inlet and Kenai Peninsula, Alaska, classified according to the Environmental Sensitivity Index (ESI) classification system. This data set comprises a portion of the ESI for Cook Inlet and Kenai Peninsula. ESI data identify the marine and coastal environments and wildlife by their sensitivity to spilled oil. The ESI data include information for three main components: shoreline habitats, sensitive biological resources, and human-use resources. http://response.restoration.noaa.gov/esi 200209 The data set is comprised of dual-frequency Global Positioning System (GPS) observations collected continuously from several hundred ground-based stations. These stations are officially called Continuously Operating Reference Stations (CORS). http://www.ngs.noaa.gov/CORS 20060625 The National CORS Map provides a map interface which allows the user to find and display CORS stations and access data associated with the points. NGS (National Geodetic Survey) coordinates a network of continuously operating reference stations (CORS) that provide Global Positioning System (GPS) carrier phase and code range measurements in support of 3-dimensional positioning activities throughout the United States and its territories. CORS Data - Enable centimeter-level positioning for points of interest - Enable decimeter-level positioning for moving points - Monitor crustal motion - Monitor moisture content for the lower atmosphere - Monitor electronic charge in the upper atmosphere http://www.ngs.noaa.gov/ngsims/CORS 20070325 The United States Coast Pilot is a series of 9 nautical books that cover a wide variety of information important to navigators of U.S. coastal and intercoastal waters, and the waters of the Great Lakes. Most of this information cannot be shown graphically on the standard nautical charts and is not readily available elsewhere. The subjects of the Coast Pilot include, but are not limited to, channel descriptions, anchorages, bridge and cable clearances, currents, tide and water levels, prominent features, pilotage, towage, weather, ice conditions, wharf descriptions, dangers, routes, traffic separation schemes, small-craft facilities and federal regulations applicable to navigations http://chartmaker.ncd.noaa.gov/nsd/coastpilot.htm 20051212 Knowledge of the timing and strength of tidal currents is extremely important for safe navigation in coastal waters. Tidal currents are almost always the strongest current experienced by vessels operating offshore and for considerable distances inside bays and river estuaries. Standardized procedures exist for analyzing tidal current data to separate the tidal and nontidal parameters. The tidal parameters are used to produce the National Ocean Service Tidal Current Tables. There are currently 41 tidal current reference stations where daily predictions are made based on information obtained in short-term current studies. Additional predictions are made for 2200 locations referenced to these tidal current reference stations. Predictions have varying degrees of accuracy dependant on the age of the data, the length of the measurements and the degree of non tidal influence a given location experiences. A clear understanding of current patterns in ports and estuaries which have economical and commercial importance is vital to ensure safe navigation and help in preventing accidents. In ports where currents are dominated by non-tidal factors, real-time current measurements are preferred. http://tidesandcurrents.noaa.gov/ports.html 20060415 The NOAA Coastal Services Center's Legislative Atlas is a regional geographic information system (GIS) that provides spatial data for state and federal coastal and ocean management laws and the jurisdictional boundaries of management agencies. There are a growing number of regional collaborations among federal, state, and local agencies to address coastal management issues that cut across existing political and jurisdictional boundaries. To support regional management efforts, the Coastal Services Center has developed geographic representations of key state and federal legislation and the jurisdictional boundaries of state and federal management agencies. http://www.csc.noaa.gov/legislativeatlas 20071010 This dataset consists of polygonal boundaries for U.S. Census Blocks within the Coastal Zone with 2000 Census data at the block level. A Census Block is a subdivision of a census tract. Census blocks are small areas bounded on all sides by visible features such as streets, roads, streams, and railroad tracks, and by invisible boundaries such as city, town, township, and county limits, property lines, and short, imaginary extensions of streets and roads. A block is the smallest geographic unit for which the Census Bureau tabulates 100-percent data. The Census Bureau established blocks covering the entire nation for the first time in 1990. Over 8 million blocks are identified for Census 2000. http://marineeconomics.noaa.gov/socioeconomics/welcome.html 20040423 This website enables interactive selection of a section of shoreline and provides downloading capabilities. ESRI's software was used to clean and edgematch datasets within a surveyed project area. These data provide a Geographic Information System data layer depicting an accurate high-resolution shoreline. These shoreline data depicts an interpreted shoreline, for example, the Mean High Water line or lake level at time of survey. The NGS's attribution scheme 'Coastal Cartographic Object Attribute Source Table (C-COAST) was developed to conform the attribution of various sources of shoreline data into one attribution catalog. C-COAST is not a recognized standard but was influenced by the International Hydrographic Organization's S-57 Object-Attribute standard so that the data would be more accurately translated into S-57. http://www.ngs.noaa.gov/newsys_ims/shoreline/index.cfm 20010516 The project provides information that can be used in preliminary land use-based risk assessments for pesticides potentially used in the St. Johns River watershed, and for a broad suite of contaminant types in the lower Columbia River watershed of Oregon and Washington states, U.S.A. http://www.chbr.noaa.gov/easi 20060707 In 1985, NOAA launched the Estuarine Living Marine Resources (ELMR) Program to develop a consistent data base on the distribution, relative abundance, and life history characteristics of ecologically and economically important fishes and invertebrates in the Nation's estuaries. The Nationwide ELMR data base includes information for 153 species found in 122 estuaries and coastal embayments. Species are selected according to a set of criteria, which consider their commercial, recreational, and ecological value, as well as their utility as an indicator of environmental stress. The data base is divided into five study regions - West Coast, Gulf of Mexico, Southeast, Mid-Atlantic, and North Atlantic. For each species, five life stages are considered - adults, juveniles, larvae, spawning, and eggs - with some exceptions. Each estuary is subdivided into one to five salinity zones. Relative abundance is ranked by month for each life stage of each species, in each salinity zone of each estuary. The program utilized a consistent sampling strategy that enables comparisons to be made among species, specific life stages and times of year within, and to a lesser degree, among estuarine systems. In addition, a series of reports have been published which summarize the methods and results of the ELMR Program. These include a National report (2000), regional data summary reports for the North Atlantic (1994), Mid-Atlantic (1994), Southeast (1991), Gulf of Mexico (1992), and West Coast (1990), and regional life history summary reports for the West Coast (1991) and Gulf of Mexico (1997). Free copies of these reports are available upon request from the Biogeography Program (301-713-3028). http://ccma.nos.noaa.gov/ecosystems/estuaries/elmr.html 20051205 NOAA's Electronic Navigational Charts (NOAA ENCs) have been developed to support the marine transportation infrastructure and coastal management. The NOAA ENCs are in S-57, a data standard developed by the International Hydrographic Organization (IHO) to be used for the exchange of digital hydrographic data. NOAA ENCs can be used in Geographic Information Systems, (GIS) allowing for broader public access. Many GIS's, however cannot read an ENC's native S-57 format to address this problem. NOAA's ENC Direct to GIS web portal provides comprehensive access to display, query, and download all available large scale NOAA ENC data in a variety of GIS/CAD formats for non-navigational purposes using Internet mapping service technology. Nautical chart features contained within an NOAA ENC provide a detailed representation of the U.S. coastal and marine environment. This data includes coastal topography, bathymetry, landmarks, geographic place names and marine boundaries. Features in an NOAA ENC are limited in that they only represent the geographic region that is depicted in that particular NOAA ENC. By aggregating nautical features from all NOAA ENCs in the creation of GIS data, a contiguous depiction of the U.S coastal and marine environment is achieved. http://ocs-spatial.ncd.noaa.gov/encdirect/viewer.htm 20051206 The Office of Coast Survey (OCS) has been involved in the development of a NOAA Electronic Navigational Chart (NOAA ENC) suite to support the marine transportation infrastructure and coastal management for a number of years. The NOAA ENC will support all types of marine navigation by providing the official database for electronic charting systems (ECS), including the Electronic Chart Display and Information System (ECDIS). NOAA ENCs support real-time navigation as well as collision and grounding avoidance needs of the mariner, and accommodate a real-time tide and current display capability that is essential for large vessel navigation. NOAA ENCs will also provide fully integrated vector base maps for use in geographic information systems (GIS) that are used for coastal management or other purposes. The NOAA ENCs are in the International Hydrographic Office (IHO) S-57 international exchange format and comply with the ENC Product Specification. http://chartmaker.ncd.noaa.gov/mcd/enc/index.htm 20071030 Environmental Sensitivity Index (ESI) maps are an integral component in oil-spill contingency planning and assessment. They serve as a source of information in the event of an oil spill incident. ESI maps are a product of the Hazardous Materials Response Division of the Office of Response and Restoration (OR&R). ESI maps contain three types of information: shoreline habitats (classified according to their sensitivity to oiling), human-use resources, and sensitive biological resources. Most often, this information is plotted on 7.5 minute USGS quadrangles, although in Alaska, USGS topographic maps at scales of 1:63,360 and 1:250,000 are used, and in other atlases, NOAA charts have been used as the base map. Collections of these maps, grouped by state or a logical geographic area, are published as ESI atlases. Digital data have been published for most of the U.S. shoreline, including Alaska, Hawaii and Puerto Rico. http://response.restoration.noaa.gov/esi 20060228 Environmental Sensitivity Index (ESI) maps are an integral component in oil-spill contingency planning and assessment. They serve as a source of information in the event of an oil spill incident. ESI maps are a product of the Hazardous Materials Response Division of the Office of Response and Restoration (OR&R). ESI maps contain three types of information: shoreline habitats (classified according to their sensitivity to oiling), human-use resources, and sensitive biological resources. Most often, this information is plotted on 7.5 minute USGS quadrangles, although in Alaska, USGS topographic maps at scales of 1:63,360 and 1:250,000 are used, and in other atlases, NOAA charts have been used as the base map. Collections of these maps, grouped by state or a logical geographic area, are published as ESI atlases. Digital data have been published for most of the U.S. shoreline, including Alaska, Hawaii and Puerto Rico. http://response.restoration.noaa.gov/esi 20060216 The vector shoreline data were originally derived from NOAA Nautical Charts using a process and software developed by the Coast Survey Development Laboratory, Cartographic & Geospatial Technology Program (CGTP). The product's target scale of 1:20,000 allows for applications at a higher spatial resolution that was not possible with the prior 1:80,000 digital shoreline. These derived vector shoreline data are provided in the shapefile format used in GIS (Geographic Information Systems) environments. http://nauticalcharts.noaa.gov/csdl/ctp/cm_vs.htm; 20050301 The National Marine Sanctuary Program manages a system of sanctuaries and other managed areas around the country. The legal boundaries of These sanctuaries are defined within the Code of Federal Regulations, at 15 C.F.R. Part 922 and the subparts for each national marine sanctuary. The GIS compatible digital boundary files for each national marine sanctuary are representations of those legal boundaries and are based on the best available data. These files are available for public use at locations defined in this metadata record. http://sanctuaries.noaa.gov/library/imast_gis.html 20060317 The National Marine Sanctuary Program manages a system of sanctuaries and other managed areas around the country. The legal boundaries of These sanctuaries are defined within the Code of Federal Regulations, at 15 C.F.R. Part 922 and the subparts for each national marine sanctuary. The GIS compatible digital boundary files for each national